２０２６年３月１７日
March 17, 2026
改憲問題対策法律家６団体連絡会
社会文化法律センター 共同代表理事 海渡 雄一
自由法曹団 団長 黒岩 哲彦
青年法律家協会弁護士学者合同部会 議長 田村 優介
日本国際法律家協会 会長 田中 俊
日本反核法律家協会 会長 大久保賢一
日本民主法律家協会 理事長 稲 正樹
Liaison Group of Lawyers Associations on Constitutional Changes
Center for Social, Cultural and Legal Issues
Co-representative director Yuichi Kaido
Japan Lawyers Association for Freedom
President Tetsuhiko Kuroiwa
Youth Lawyers Association, Joint Section of Attorneys and Scholars Chairperson Yusuke Tamura
Japan Lawyers International Solidarity Association
President Shun Tanaka
Japan Lawyers Association Against Nuclear Arms
President Ken’ichi Ookubo
Japan Democratic Lawyers Association
Chief Director Masaki Ina
私たちは、改憲問題に取り組む法律家６団体をそれぞれ代表するものである。
We are representatives of 6 major lawyers associations, who are jointly working on issues concerning constitutional changes.
2026年２月28日朝（イラン時間）、アメリカ及びイスラエルは、イランの首都テヘランほかイラン国内の軍事拠点などを空爆した。地中海及びアラビア海に展開していたアメリカ原子力空母の艦載航空機による空爆だけでなく、アメリカ本土からB2爆撃機が出撃し、また横須賀を母港とする駆逐艦も出撃してトマホークによる攻撃に参加したと伝えられている。イラン国内では現在までに２０00名を超える死者が記録され、その大部分は非戦闘員であると言われている。また、イランの国家元首兼政府首班であるペゼシュキアン大統領は無事であるが、イスラム教シーア派最高指導者ハメネイ師ほかかなりの数の指導層（いずれも国際人道法に言う非戦闘員）が殺害された。他方、イラン革命防衛隊は、湾岸諸国に展開するアメリカ軍事基地やイスラエルの都市などに対してミサイルやドローンによる反撃を行い、ホルムズ海峡の通行を制限する措置をとっている。さらに、キプロスに向けてミサイル攻撃があったとされているが、これが事実であれば、NATO全体に対する攻撃とみなされて、戦火は飛躍的に拡大することになる。
Morning of February 28, 2026 (Iran Standard Time), the United States of America and State of Israel carried out aerial attacks on Tehran, capital city, and several military compounds of Islamic Republic of Iran. Sorties of jet fighters from the two USS aircraft-carriers developing in the Mediterranean and the Arabian Sea were followed by B2 jet-bombers from the US homeland, and reportedly also by shooting of Tomahawks from a missile destroyer, which normally stations at Yokosuka, Japan. Within Iran, causalities are counted so far as exceeding 2000, most of that were reportedly non-combatants. While the Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian is safe and alive, Supreme Leader of Shi’ite Ayatollah Ali Hoseyni Khamenei and numerous groups of leaders (all of them were non-combatants in a sense of the International Humanitarian Law) were killed. The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps have conducted, on the contrary, attacks by missiles and drones against US military bases deployed in Gulf countries, and against Israeli cities, while taking measures to limit passage of sea vessels along Strait of Holums. Furthermore, as a missile attack was reportedly recognized against Cyprus, it could lead, if true, to be classified as an attack against a member state of NATO, which should mean an attack against the whole NATO countries, and then warfare would reach to much wider areas.
アメリカのトランプ大統領は、今回の攻撃が「アメリカの権益を守る軍事行動」にすぎず、イランが核兵器を製造する可能性があるので「先制防衛した」と強弁している。また、イスラエルのネタニエフ首相は、イランが核兵器をもてば取りかえしのつかない脅威となるのを防止するためと説明している。イランがこの時点で、アメリカやイスラエルに対して武力の行使または武力による威嚇を行った事実はない。
President Donald J. Trump insisted without showing any evidence that the attack is nothing but a “military action to protect interests of the United States,” and inciting “preemptive defense” in case of Iran’s capability to build up nuclear weapons. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu insisted, on his side, that Iran’s possible capacity to hand nuclear weapons might mean irreversible threats against his country, and that is why Israel conducts an act of defense. There is, however, no evidence at all now that Iran commits use of force or threat of use of force against USA or Israel.
この行動は、明白に国際法に違反する武力行使（戦争）である。スペイン政府は、かかる理由を挙げて、アメリカ軍への軍事基地の提供を拒絶した。アメリカやイスラエルの「自衛のためだ」という主張は根拠がなく、これ自体が国連憲章51条に違反する「武力の行使」に当たる。そもそも、国連憲章2条4項は、武力の行使及び武力による威嚇を禁止している。紛争当事国は、国連安保理会その他の外交チャンネルを通じて、紛争を平和的に解決すべき国連憲章上の義務があるにもかかわらず、これを踏みにじったものであり、これを容認することはできない。しかも、安保理事会の議長国が英国（2月担当）から米国（3月担当）に変わる節目に、今回の侵略行為が行われたことは、国連憲章の明白な違反行為であっても、これを何としても押し通そうとする陰険な意図がうかがわれ、かつ、計画的な企みである可能性も否定しがたい。
This military action is literally illegal use of force and blatant violation of international law as is act of aggression or war itself. The Spanish government has refused on the very reason of the nature of the military attack to offer military bases in favor of the US military forces. While the USA and Israel persist allegation for the sake of their defensive purpose, their allegation is totally baseless; rather their military actions clearly constitute “use of force” in violating article 51 of the UN Charter. Basically Article 2, al. 4 of the Charter prohibits use of force and threat of use of force with the very limited exceptions. State parties of any military conflicts or international disputes are obliged to make every effort to solve them by peaceful means; it comes beyond any disputes that the state parties should open dialogues at the table of the UN Security Council or any other way through diplomatic channels. Use of force without exhausting any and all peaceful means is never acceptable in any sense. Adding to it, the attack was carried out at the very moment of monthly shift of presidency of the UN Security Council, namely from UK in February to USA in March. That might imply intentional infringement of international law and contempt against the UN Charter so as to show that Trump administration has made malicious and blatant violation of UN Charter by all means; it is then undeniable to suggest a joint misconduct of USA and Israel to wipe Islamic Republic of Iran from earth.
アメリカとイランの核施設に関する協議は、直前の2月26日まで実施され、継続協議が予定されていたにも関わらず、事前通告もなく協議がキャンセルされ、軍事攻撃が開始されたことは、看過できない。さらに、アメリカは、今回の軍事攻撃について議会の事前の承認どころか、説明すらせずに、適法な国内法上の手続きを経ていない。これは法治原則に対するあからさまな侮蔑に他ならない。
Representatives from both sides, USA and Iran, met and discussed on February 26, 2026, just before USA and Israel struck Iran; even some arrangement was reached for further discussion on the very issue of nuclear materials and facilities. Even a further meeting was set to be held, it was cancelled without any prior notice before the military attack was taken. That should be noted. Furthermore, the military attack was taken without any conceivable due process as the US has pushed the military operation without any prior consent from the Congress, nor any prior explanation before the Congress was given. Ｉｔ is nothing but blatant contempt against the Rule of Law.
また、目標への接近や目標の識別について生成AIの技術が使用されたことは、先端AI技術の軍事利用に関して保持しなければならない閾（しきい）を踏みにじる行為であり、さらに生成AIの利用が拡大され、殺傷や破壊を拡大し、かつ、その精度が上がるおそれがあり、科学技術の平和利用と互恵の精神を著しく損なうことが危惧される。実際にも、イランでは、軍事目標ではありえない小学校が標的にされ、戦闘員ではありえない小学生が1６0名以上も殺傷された。これ自体、国際人道法に違反し、国際刑事法（国際刑事裁判所のローマ規程）に違反する戦争犯罪である。さらに、特定の宗教集団の殲滅を目的としたものであれば、ジェノサイド犯罪（集団殺害犯罪）や人道に対する犯罪を構成する。また、体制変革（レジーム・チェンジ）を狙ったものであれば、侵略犯罪に相当する。
With regard to the use of Generative AI for approach to targets and reconnaissance or identification of targets, it is feared that all those uses would exceed a threshold to be observed in cases of making use of advanced technology of AI for military purposes; and if Generative AI technology is to be used in much wider fields to a point where much advanced use of Generative AI would get to larger numbers of causalities and destructions which might be made in many ways with finer precision, we are seriously concerned that its outcomes is anything but an undeniable setback of principle of peaceful use of science and technology as well as of principle of common prosperity of human beings. In fact, in this case of attack against Iran, an elementary school, which could be no military target, was attacked, and more than 160 children were killed or injured, who were far from military combatants. It is really a case of infringement of international humanitarian law, which also constitutes a war crime under the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (the Rome Statute). If the attack would fall within a case with aims or intent to exterminating a specific religious group, it could be a crime of genocide and a crime against humanity. And if it has been committed in aiming at a regime change, it could constitute a crime of aggression.
すでに世界各地で、この戦争に対する反対・抗議・糾弾の声が上がっている。アメリカ国内においても、「戦争にわれわれの税金を使うな！」という声が上がり、「戦争で高い石油を買わせるな！」という切実な声が上がっている。
Already in every place of the planet, people are chanting and raising voices against the military attack in forms of obstruction, protest, or condemnation. Even in the USA, voices are raised “Don’t Use Our Tax to War”, and more seriously we can hear people chanting “War Raises Oil Prices. Stop It.”
80年以上も前に世界的な規模での戦争を体験した日本に住む一員として、私たち法律家は、「政府の行為による戦争の惨禍が起こることのないやうにすること」を改めて決意し、関係当事国に即時停戦と平和的解決を呼びかける。また、日本国政府に対して、私たちは、アメリカとイスラエルのイラン攻撃が、明白な国際法違反であり許されないこと、日本政府は国際法遵守の立場を堅持し、「力による国際法秩序の変更」を認めないこと、関係国からのいかなる働き掛けがあっても、国際法違反の軍事攻撃に日本が加担することはないことを、明確に宣言して、軍事攻撃の即時停止と再発防止に全力を傾注することを求めるものである。
As of people living in Japan who have experienced a worldwide war more than 8 decades ago, we, in a capacity of lawyers, once again resolve that “never again shall we be visited with the horrors of war through the action of the government,” and call all relevant states parties in this war for immediate cease-fire and peaceful resolution of the conflict. Regarding the Government of Japan, we demand them firstly to declare by a clear cut statement that the US and Israel’s strike on Iran is irrevocably blatant violation of the international law leaving no room of approval, secondly to sustain firmly their standpoint that Japan always adheres to observation of the international law and norms by clearly denouncing “any change of international legal order by force,” and lastly but not the least to pronounce that Japan will never take part in any military actions on request of the parties concerned, which runs counter to the international law; thus we demand the Government of Japan to make every and all efforts to work for immediate cease-fire and prevention of any further military attacks.